Pet Euthanasia -- A More Humane Option
Vet Best Practice Helps Minimize Trauma to Both Pet and Owner
Nov 25, 2008
"I've met so many people who have told me stories of having been traumatized by the euthanasia process," says Dr. Susan Ackermann, a Pennsylvania-based veterinarian specializing in feline care. "Usually a pet passes peacefully, but when something unexpected happens, it can create lasting emotional devastation for the pet owner."
In some instances, the pet may cry out or even try to bite when receiving the intravenous injection of sodium pentobarbital, as recommended by the Humane Society as the preferred method to end the suffering of a sick or aging pet. In a worst-case scenario, the needle can become dislodged, requiring a second injection to complete the procedure.
Sedation - A More Humane Approach
Ackermann says gently sedating the animal prior to administering the euthanasia injection is her preferred method.
"Sedation prior to the IV catheterization allows the patient to be relaxed rather than fearful. The pet can be reassured by their owners' voice without disturbing complications," Ackermann says. "In addition, the sedation allows me, as the doctor, to perform one of my most emotionally challenging duties -- to end suffering -- while preserving dignity for all."
Throughout the procedure, Ackermann attempts to make the pet feel as comfortable as possible, and encourages owners to stay with their animal and hold them, if they feel able.
Ackermann says the extra step of sedation as an intramuscular injection causes just a nip of discomfort, similar to that of vaccination. Since the initial procedure may occasionally cause the animal to vomit on a full stomach, Ackermann chooses to perform this step in her treatment room to spare the owner any additional upset while the patient falls asleep.
A Gentle and Respectful Euthanization
Following initial sedation, Ackermann prepares the pet's leg by shaving, application of alcohol and the use of a tourniquet, which leads to a smooth and successful catheter placement. Ackermann says many owners treasure a small token of the shaved hair. Only when the owner is comfortable, Ackermann injects the medication.
As the drugs take effect, the animal becomes more deeply sedated. Finally, the heart and breathing slow and ultimately stop within several minutes. There may be slight involuntary movement following the injection, which Ackermann says is not uncommon and does not represent conscious movement but only a reflex reaction.
Schedule Time for Mourning
Ackermann schedules extended office appointments so that owners are allowed extra time with their pets before and following the procedure. "If the euthanasia is elective and not on an emergency basis, I attempt to schedule the appointment at a time when my office is quiet. The last thing a grieving pet owner wants to see on their way out is happy clients with their healthy animals in the waiting room."
Oral Pre-sedation - A Less Reliable Option
In lieu of the injectable sedation, some veterinarians may prescribe an oral tranquilizer to be given to the pet before the appointment. Ackermann believes oral sedatives are less reliable in their time of onset and resulting level of relaxation in patients, however. Some medications may even cause a drop in blood pressure that may lead to difficulty in administering the final injection intravenously.
Talk to Your Veterinarian
Ackermann says a frank discussion with your veterinarian regarding pet end-of-life issues, while uncomfortable, is part of the due diligence of being a conscientious pet owner. "If this topic worries you, I urge you to talk about this long before the need arises. Both you and your vet must have open lines of communication regarding the care of your precious pet for all stages of life."
