According to the American Veterinary Dental Society (AVDS), more than 80% of dogs and 70% of cats show signs of gum disease by the time they are 3 years of age. Gum disease, also referred to as oral disease or periodontal disease, is one of the most frequently diagnosed health problems in cats and dogs. However with proper pet dental care, this problem is preventable and treatable.
Signs of Tartar Buildup and Oral Disease
Pets do not suddenly develop gum disease. The gradual accumulation of tartar over an extended period of time develops into the beginning stages of oral disease and eventual tooth decay. However, there are specific signs tartar buildup and gum disease are in the early stages.
- Bad Breath – Ever been hit with a bad case of dog or cat breath? Most pet owners believe bad breath is part of pet ownership, but in reality it indicates gum disease has developed.
- Buildup Around the Gums – When tartar accumulates on a pets teeth it begins as a buildup around the gums that is yellow to brown in color.
- Pawing and Mood Changes – A cat or dog pawing at the face or mouth is indicating discomfort that may be a result of tartar build-up, oral disease, cavities, lesions or other related dental problems. Or they may exhibit signs of discomfort through mood changes, either sudden or gradual. Immediate attention by a veterinarian is required in these situations.
Health Problems Developed by Improper Pet Dental Care
The initial signs of gum disease should not be ignored because they can lead to problems that can impact a pet’s overall health. Granted cats and dogs can not develop cavities like humans, but they can develop other problems related to improper pet dental care.
- Cervical Line Lesions (CLL) – Are developed in cats, and is similar to a cavity. These lesions are extremely painful and require immediate veterinary care.
- Dental Fractures – Excessive tartar and periodontal disease can result in teeth breaking. Treatment varies depending on the severity of the break and surrounding oral disease.
- Overall Health Issues – As a result of tartar and gum disease, bacteria can enter the bloodstream. Health problems can be caused or amplified in the heart, lungs, kidneys and liver.
How to Reduce the Risk for Oral Disease
As a pet owner, responsible pet dental care is a required commitment. Preventing tartar buildup can reduce a pets risk for developing oral disease. Also, cats and dogs showing signs of dental problems can be helped and the health risks reduced.
- Annual Exams – Going for an annual exam is vital for the overall health of any pet, and should include a dental examination. At this time a veterinarian will check for signs of bad breath, accumulation of tartar, signs of gum disease and other dental problems.
- Dental Exams – Exams may be required every 3 to 6 months or annually depending on the level of oral health and treatments required by the veterinarian.
- Dental Care at Home – Specialized treats are available on the marketplace and by veterinarian prescription designed to remove and reduce the accumulation of plaque. Brushing a pets’ teeth with a specialized toothpaste may be recommended.
- Professional Tartar Removal – In cases where tartar buildup or gum disease is severe, professional tartar removal by a veterinarian may be needed. Additional medical treatment may be needed if other medical conditions are present.
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