Procedures such as tail docking, ear cropping, and dew claw removal have been done for years but now procedures such as tummy tucks, testicular implants, and cosmetic dentistry are now available. Most veterinarians will inform owners of the risks involved with any surgery and most will only do cosmetic surgery to improve quality of life.
The AKC only allows ear cropping, dew claw removal, and tail docking surgeries in order to meet breed standards, the AKC otherwise prohibits any surgery that might change an animals appearance. The Humane Society has taken a stand against all surgeries that are done for cosmetic purposes alone.